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Text C What Is Philosophy(第1页)

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—fromSophie’sWorld

JostienGaarder

TranslatedbyPauletteMiller

DearSophie,

Lotsofpeoplehavehobbies.Somepeoplecollectoldsnstamps,somedohersspendmostoftheirsparetimeonaparticularsport.

Alotofpeopleenj.Butreadingtastesdifferwidely.Somepeopleonlyreadneersorelikereadingnovels,whileotherspreferbooksonastronomy,wildlife,orteologicaldiscoveries.

IfIhappeedinhorsesorprees,IotexpeeelsetosharemyenthusiasIfIramsonTVleasure,Imustputupwiththefactthatotherpeoplefindsp.

Istherenothingthatisusall?Istherenothingthatseveryoterwhotheyareorwheretheyliveintheworld?Yes,dearSophie,therearequestioainlyshouldieveryoheyarepreciselythequestionsthiscourseisabout.

Whatisthemostimportantthinginlife?Ifweasksomeonelivingoarvation,theanswerisfood.Ifweasksomeonedyingofcold,theansweriswarmth.Ifweputthesamequestiontosomeonewhofeelslonelyaheanswerwillprobablybethepanyofotherpeople.

Butwhenthesebasieedshavebeensatisfied—willtherestillbesomethingthateverybodyneeds?Philosophersthinkso.Theybelievethatmanotlivebybreadalone.Ofcourseeveryoneneedsfood.Andeveryoneneedsloveahereissomethifromthat—whiehatistofigureoutwhoweareandwhywearehere.

&erestedinwhywearehereisnota“terestlikegstamps.Peoplewhoasksuchquestipartihasgoneonaslongasmahisplaheuheearth,aobeingisabiggeraahanwhowogoldmedalsiOlympics.

&roagphilosophyistoaskafewphilosophicalquestions:

Hoorldcreated?Isthereanywillbehindens?Istherealifeafterdeath?Hoerthesequestions?Andmostimportant,howoughtwetolive?Peoplehavebeenaskiihouttheages.Weknowofnoculturewhioteditselfwithwhatmanisaheworld.

Basicallytherearenotmanyphilosophicalquestionstoask.Wehavealreadyaskedsomeofthemostimportahistorypresentsuswithmaaoeachquestion.Soitiseasiertoaskphilosophicalquestionsthahe

Todayaswelleadividualhastodiscoverhisowhesesamequestions.YoudoutwhetherthereisaGodorwhetherthereislifeafterdeathbylookinginanencyclopedia.heeellushowweoughttolive.Heoplehavebelievedhelpusformulateourownviewoflife.

Philosophers’searchforthetruthresemblesadeteethihemurderer,othersthinkitwasNielsehepoliesabletosolvearealcrime.Butitisequallypossiblethattheyhebottomofit,althoughthereisasolutionsomewhere.Soevenifitisdiffisweraquestion,theremaybeone—andoahereisakieh—orthereisnot.

Alotofage-oldenigmashavenowbeenexplainedbysce.Whatthedarksideofthemoonlookslikewasonystery.Itwasnotthekindofthingthatcouldbesolvedbydis,itwaslefttotheimaginationoftheindividual.Buttodayweklywhatthedarksideofthemoonlookslike,andnoone“believe”

aheManintheMoon,orthatthemoonismadeofgreencheese.

AGreekphilosopherwholivedmorethantwothousandyearsagobelievedthatphilosophyhaditsininman’ssenseofwohoughtitwassoastonishihatphilosophicalquestioheiro>

Itislikewatgamagictriandhowitisdone.Soweask:howthemagigeacoupleofwhitesilkstoaliverabbit?

Alotofpeopleexperieheworldwiththesameiyaswhenamagisuddenlypullsarabbitoutofahatwhichhasjustbeenshowy.

Iherabbit,weknowthemagihastrickedus.ouldliketoknowisjusthowhedidit.Butwheheworldit’ssomewhatdifferehattheworldisnotallsleightofhaionbecausehereweareiofit.Actually,wearethewhiterabbitbeiofthehat.Theoweenusaerabbitisthattherabbitdoesistakingpartinamagictrilikeus.Wefeelartofsomethingmysteriousandwewouldliketoknoorks.

&dfillintheblankswiththeproperexpressions.

1)IfIramsonTVleasure,Imust_______(容忍,忍受)thefactthatotherpeoplefindsp.

2)Ifweasksomeonelivingontheedgeof______,theanswerisfood.Ifweasksomeonedyingofcold,theansweris______.Ifweputthesamequestiontosomeonewhofeelslonelyaheanswerwillprobablybethe______ofotherpeople.

3)Butthereissomethifromthat—whiehatisto_______(理解,弄明白)whoweareandwhywearehere.

4)Butitisequallypossiblethattheyhebottomofit,althoughthereisasolutioheunderlinedexpressionmeans_____________________.

Notes

1.MaxShulman(1919-1988):Herolificwriterofsatiricalhumor.HewasborninSt.Paul,Mia,USA,thesonofaRussianimmigraer,andbeganhiswritiheaziheUyofMia.HisworktherecametothenoticeofaDoubledayeditor,whedthestudenttoturworkintoanovel,BarefootBoyWithCheek,whichbecameabest-sellerin1943.Aftergraduation,ShulmaheU.S.ArmyAirCwhichtimehewrotetwomoreheFeatherMerts,aiovelaboutmilitarylife,andTheZebraDerby,publishedafterthewar.Afterreturningtolife,Shulmaimewriter,turningequantityofsteandsplaysandtelevisionscriptsoverthefourdecades.

2.JosteinGaarder(1952-):Heisaelledauthorofseveralstoriesand’sbooks.Gaarderofteheperspectiveof,expltheirsenseofwoheworld.Heofteioninhiswstorieswithinstaarderwasbornintoapedagogicalfamily.HisbestknownworkisthenovelSophie’sWorld,subtitledAheHistoryofPhilosophy.Thispopularworkhasbeentraofifty-threelahereareoverthirtymillionprint.

3.AlanLightman(1948-):HeisanAmeriphysidwriter.HeisaprofessorattheMassachusettsIeologyahoroftheiiosellerEinstein’sDreams.HewasthefirstprofessoratMITtoreceiveajointappoihesdthehumanities.

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